Man always strives to raise the bar on existing records in speed, force, Stamina, overcoming boundaries at times unimaginable opportunities, given to him by nature. Faster, above, stronger - the motto not only in sports, but in all his affairs. At the same time he is trying to squeeze the highest performance of the devices, he works. This is especially true of cars. Apply even the most absurd, at first sight, methods. Of course, can Buy Automatic BMW X5 E53 and install it in place of the mechanical "hands", but this car will not go faster.
An example of this could be a message in the media, flashed recently, what in 2019 , the BMW Group introduces in production vehicles Water injection system in the engine manifold, simultaneously cooling the combustible mixture and achieving increase its power. It seems to be nonsense! Gasoline and water cooling - the best the enemy of the death of the motor does not come up, water hammer provided, and the power unit even for dismantling will not take.
but, all the way around. Experiments were carried out, in which BMW M4 GTS and Beha X1 cars took part. Their results have encouraged and inspired by the Bavarian developers to run such a system in a series of. true, competitors from Mercedes skeptical of such ideas. they believe, that mass production of the innovation will be too structurally complex and the best use of it - in a few models of supercars charged. two years of wait and see.
A little history
The idea of innovation can not be named. She has been actively developed before World War II and was used in the German "Messerschmitt". The Bf.109 G-6 Gustav model increased its power as a result of the use of this system on 225 l. with., which gave speed increase 40 km / h.
The development of aircraft engines, this device has not received. Appeared jet engines pushed ICE on the back burner.
The idea has long been ownerless, but in the sixties – the seventies, when interest in the powerful "engine" reached its climax, remembered her. Oldsmobile and Saab company used water injection system into the reservoir in their cars. Although the introduction of results were good - cars showed good technical parameters, mass model of development have not received, It lacked the operational reliability of engines, and the structure after adding the details became more difficult and more expensive.
Principle of operation
At the beginning of the water, of injecting. Even at the early stages of development with aircraft engines became clear, that the use of pure water would be ineffective and actually harmful to engines.
- On the walls of the arrangements clearly would have remained the same raid, that we can see in ordinary kettles, that would not correspond to the long term operation of the engine. For the operation of the system requires only distilled water.
- Also it poorly atomized in the apparatus, resulting in a heterogeneous mixture and a temperature rise occurs.
The ideal option proved its symbiosis with methanolic alcohol, wherein in proportions 50 on 50, in which all of the desired performance is achieved peak results.
- water, so let's call it a combination of alcohol, through a special nozzle fed into the manifold, where it disperses evenly (that's where the useful qualities of methanol) and enveloping particles of gasoline.
- Quickly lowers the temperature in the cylinder due to their different heat capacity characteristics, which leads to lower costs of the engine.
- It increases the possibility of air into the cylinders, thereby increasing the compression ratio.
- Pressure increases in the cylinders smoothly by the combustion of the alcohol vapor, which is subjected to the process later petrol.
Water injection manifold system has the following advantages.
? Engine power increases.
? The degree of detonation is reduced.
? Better cooling of the fuel mixture.
? The environmental parameters of gas exhausts are improved.
How true is this decision of designers BMW - time will tell. Risk - a noble cause, even in the automotive industry.
